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## C Programming
### Basic Syntax
- Comments
```c
// This is a single-line comment
/* This is a
multi-line comment */
```
- Variables
```c
// Declaration and initialization
int x = 10;
// Declaration without initialization
float y;
```
- Data Types
|Data | Type| Description|
| --- | --- | --- |
|int| Integer | |
|float| Floating point number | |
|double| Double precision floating point number | |
|char| Character | |
|bool| Boolean | |
|Operators|
|Operator| Description
|=| Assignment | |
|+| Addition| |
|-| Subtraction| |
|*| Multiplication| |
|/| Division| |
|%| Modulus| (remainder after division) |
|==| Equality| |
|!=| Inequality| |
|<| Less than| |
|>| Greater than| |
|<=| Less than or equal to| |
|>=| Greater than or equal to| |
|&&| Logical AND| |
|` | | |
|!| Logical NOT| |
- - -
##### Control Structures
- Conditional Statements
```c
if (condition) {
// code block to execute if condition is true
} else if (anotherCondition) {
// code block to execute if anotherCondition is true
} else {
// code block to execute if neither condition is true
}
```
- Switch Statements
```c
switch (expression) {
case value1:
// code block to execute if expression equals value1
break;
case value2:
// code block to execute if expression equals value2
break;
default:
// code block to execute if expression does not equal any specified value
break;
}
```
- - -
##### Loops
- For Loop
```c
for (initialization; condition; update) {
// code block to execute repeatedly while condition is true
}
```
- While Loop
```c
while (condition) {
// code block to execute repeatedly while condition is true
}
```
- Do-While Loop
```c
do {
// code block to execute at least once
} while (condition);
```
- - -
##### Functions
```c
// Function prototype
returnType functionName(argumentType argumentName);
// Function definition
returnType functionName(argumentType argumentName) {
// code block to execute
return returnValue;
}
```
- - -
##### Arrays
```c
// Declaration and initialization
int arrayName[size] = {value1, value2, value3};
// Accessing elements
int element = arrayName[index];
```
- - -
##### Pointers
```c
// Declaration and initialization
int *pointerName = &variableName;
// Accessing value through pointer
int value = *pointerName;`
```
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