## C Programming  

### Basic Syntax  
- Comments  
```c  
 // This is a single-line comment  
  
 /* This is a  
    multi-line comment */  
```  
  
- Variables  
```c  
// Declaration and initialization  
int x = 10;  
  
// Declaration without initialization  
float y;  
```  
  
- Data Types  
|Data | Type| Description|  
| --- | --- | --- |  
|int| Integer | |  
|float| Floating point number | |  
|double| Double precision floating point number | |  
|char| Character | |  
|bool| Boolean | |  
|Operators|  
|Operator| Description  
|=| Assignment | |  
|+| Addition| |  
|-| Subtraction| |  
|*| Multiplication| |  
|/| Division| |  
|%| Modulus| (remainder after division) |  
|==| Equality| |  
|!=| Inequality| |  
|<| Less than| |  
|>| Greater than| |  
|<=| Less than or equal to| |  
|>=| Greater than or equal to| |  
|&&| Logical AND| |  
|` | | |  
|!| Logical NOT| |  
  
- - -  
  
##### Control Structures  
- Conditional Statements  
```c  
if (condition) {  
    // code block to execute if condition is true  
} else if (anotherCondition) {  
    // code block to execute if anotherCondition is true  
} else {  
    // code block to execute if neither condition is true  
}  
```  
- Switch Statements  
```c  
switch (expression) {  
    case value1:  
        // code block to execute if expression equals value1  
            break;  
              case value2:  
                  // code block to execute if expression equals value2  
                      break;  
                        default:  
                            // code block to execute if expression does not equal any specified value  
                                break;  
}  
```  
  
- - -  
  
##### Loops  
- For Loop  
```c  
for (initialization; condition; update) {  
    // code block to execute repeatedly while condition is true  
}  
```  
  
- While Loop  
```c  
while (condition) {  
    // code block to execute repeatedly while condition is true  
}  
```  
  
- Do-While Loop  
```c  
do {  
    // code block to execute at least once  
} while (condition);  
```  
  
- - -  
  
##### Functions  
```c  
// Function prototype  
returnType functionName(argumentType argumentName);  
  
// Function definition  
returnType functionName(argumentType argumentName) {  
    // code block to execute  
      return returnValue;  
}  
```  
  
- - -  
  
##### Arrays  
```c  
// Declaration and initialization  
int arrayName[size] = {value1, value2, value3};  
  
// Accessing elements  
int element = arrayName[index];  
```  
  
- - -  
  
##### Pointers  
```c  
// Declaration and initialization  
int *pointerName = &variableName;  
  
// Accessing value through pointer  
int value = *pointerName;`  
```