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Diffstat (limited to 'tools/vim.md')
| -rw-r--r-- | tools/vim.md | 254 |
1 files changed, 114 insertions, 140 deletions
diff --git a/tools/vim.md b/tools/vim.md index d1b43cc..001189d 100644 --- a/tools/vim.md +++ b/tools/vim.md @@ -1,62 +1,7 @@ -* Copy text from (n)vim to -``` -* linux: - :w !xclip -sel c # copy the whole file - $ xclip -o sel -c # paste from the clipboard -or - :w !xsel -b # copy the whole file - $ xsel -o -b # paste from the clipboard --- Note: In case neither of these tools (xsel and xclip) are preinstalled on your distro, you can probably find them in the repos -* macos: - :%w !pbcopy # copy the whole file - :r !pbpaste # paste from the clipboard -``` -* To open the current window in a new tab (maximize) with the cursor in the same place, enter - :tab sp or <Ctrl-w>T - # which splits the current window into a new tab. - -* To close the current window, press - <Ctrl-w>c - # That will close the newly opened tab. - -* To make a file executable - :! chmod +x % - -* Shortcut command to backup current file - :!cp % %.backup -* Use hjkl... at vim's command history mode by using <C-f> or even go straight into it with <q:> - :<C-f> - # can exit by pressing <enter> +#### Vim Keyboard Shortcuts -* Split existing buffer into a horizontal/vertical window - :sb# - :vert sb# - -* Search and Replace, The :substitute command searches for a text pattern, and replaces it with a text string. There are many options, but these are what you probably want: -``` - :s/foo/bar/g - # Find each occurrence of 'foo' (in the current line only), and replace it with 'bar'. - :%s/foo/bar/g - # Find each occurrence of 'foo' (in all lines), and replace it with 'bar'. - :%s/foo/bar/gc - # Change each 'foo' to 'bar', but ask for confirmation first. - :%s/\<foo\>/bar/gc - # Change only whole words exactly matching 'foo' to 'bar'; ask for confirmation. - :%s/foo/bar/gci - # Change each 'foo' (case insensitive due to the i flag) to 'bar'; ask for confirmation. - :%s/foo\c/bar/gc is the same because \c makes the search case insensitive. - # This may be wanted after using :set noignorecase to make searches case sensitive (the default). - :%s/foo/bar/gcI - # Change each 'foo' (case sensitive due to the I flag) to 'bar'; ask for confirmation. -``` -* Create a new file named filename in the same directory as the currently open file, and write it. - :e %:h/filename - - -* VIM KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS - -* MOVEMENT +* Movement ``` h - Move left j - Move down @@ -113,6 +58,22 @@ cc - Delete current line and enter insert mode (unlike dd which leaves y C - Delete (change) from cursor to end of line, and enter insert mode ``` +* VISUAL MODE +``` +v - Enter visual mode and highlight characters +V - Enter visual mode and highlight lines +CTRL+v - Enter visual block mode and highlight exactly where the cursor moves +o - Switch cursor from first & last character of highlighted block while in visual mode +~ - Swap case under selection +<< - Shift lines to left +>> - Shift lines to right + +vat - Highlight all text up to and including the parent element +vit - Highlight all text up to the parent element, excluding the element +vac - Highlight all text including the pair marked with c (like va<, va' or va") +vic - Highlight all text inside the pair marked with c +``` + * Deletion ``` x - Delete character forward (under cursor). use x do delete backwards (before cursor) @@ -136,22 +97,6 @@ J - Join current line with the next line. Use gJ to exclude join-positi xp - Transpose two letters (delete and paste, technically) ``` -* VISUAL MODE -``` -v - Enter visual mode and highlight characters -V - Enter visual mode and highlight lines -CTRL+v - Enter visual block mode and highlight exactly where the cursor moves -o - Switch cursor from first & last character of highlighted block while in visual mode -~ - Swap case under selection -<< - Shift lines to left ->> - Shift lines to right - -vat - Highlight all text up to and including the parent element -vit - Highlight all text up to the parent element, excluding the element -vac - Highlight all text including the pair marked with c (like va<, va' or va") -vic - Highlight all text inside the pair marked with c -``` - * Marking ``` ma - Set a marker a at cursor position to come back to later. a can be any character you choose @@ -219,27 +164,9 @@ CTRL+X - Decrement the number at cursor . - Repeat last change or delete ; - Repeat last f, t, F, or T command , - Repeat last f, t, F, or T command in opposite direction - -vim +10 <file_name> - opens the file at line 10 -vim +/bash cronjob-lab.yml - opens the file cronjob-lab.yml on the first occurence of bash - -vim scp://balasundaramm@mgmt-bst:22/~/automation/test-file.txt - Edit a remote file via scp -``` - -* History/Command buffer -``` -q: - list history in command buffer -q/ - search history in command buffer -CTRL+c CTRL+c - close the command buffer - -:set list - show hidden characters - -gg=G - Format HTML. Make sure FileType is set to html with :setf html -CTRL+n - Press after typing part of a word. It scrolls down the list of all previously used words -CTRL+p - Press after typing part of a word. It scrolls up the list of all previously used words ``` - -* Buffers +- - - +#### Buffers ``` :ls (or :buffers) - list / show available buffers :e filename - Edit a file in a new buffer @@ -256,35 +183,8 @@ CTRL+p - Press after typing part of a word. It scrolls up the list of :r !<command> - reads the output of the command into buffer :.! cat <file_path> - reads the output of the command (eg: cat) into buffer or !! in ex-mode ``` - -* Tab Views -``` -:tabe filename - opens the file in newtab -:tabe new - open an empty tab -:tabs - list opened tabs -:tabc - close the active tab -:tabn and tabp - Go to next tab or previous tab -:tabfirst - Go to the first available tab -:tablast - Go to the last available tab -:help tabpage - help for tabs - -vim -p *.txt - open all txt files in tabs -``` - -* Tab navigation -``` -gt - go to next tab -gT - go to previous tab -{i}gt - go to tab in position i -``` - -* Tab shortcuts -``` -CTRL+W T - Break out current window into a new tabview -CTRL+W o - Close every window in the current tabview but the current one -CTRL+W n - create a new window in the current tabview -CTRL+W c - Close current window in the current tabview -``` +- - - +#### Windows * Window management ``` @@ -312,7 +212,6 @@ vim -O file1 file2 :diffs, diffsplit {filename} - diffs the current window with the file given :diffoff - turns off diff selection - CTRL+w s - Split current window horizontally CTRL+w v - Split current window vertically CTRL+w c - Close current window @@ -361,34 +260,109 @@ CTRL+w < - Incrementally increase the window to the left. Takes a parame CTRL+w - - Incrementally decrease the window's height. Takes a parameter, e.g. CTRL-w 10 - CTRL+w + - Incrementally increase the window's height. Takes a parameter, e.g. CTRL-w 10 + ``` - -* Comment lines (Tcomment plugin) +- - - +#### Tabs ``` -CTRL+_ CTRL+_ - Comment a line using tcomment -CTRL+V - #{Select the block before commenting a block, -CTRL+_ CTRL+_ - Comment a block of line using tcomment} +:tabe filename - opens the file in newtab +:tabe new - open an empty tab +:tabs - list opened tabs +:tabc - close the active tab +:tabn and tabp - Go to next tab or previous tab +:tabfirst - Go to the first available tab +:tablast - Go to the last available tab +:help tabpage - help for tabs + +vim -p *.txt - open all txt files in tabs ``` -* Modeline magic +* Tab navigation ``` -:set modeline - Enable modeline magic or add this option to your .vimrc -\ml - write the modeline based on your settings to the file +gt - go to next tab +gT - go to previous tab +{i}gt - go to tab in position i ``` -* NERDTree Plugin +* Tab shortcuts ``` -CTRL-n - Toggle - -m - opens the menu -? - help -i - horizontal split -s - vertical split -CTRL-w + <-|-> - (left or right) to navigate +CTRL+W T - Break out current window into a new tabview +CTRL+W o - Close every window in the current tabview but the current one +CTRL+W n - create a new window in the current tabview +CTRL+W c - Close current window in the current tabview ``` -*** PERMISSION OVERRIDE *** +- - - + +#### Search & Replace + +The `:substitute` command searches for a text pattern, and replaces it with a text string. There are many options, but these are probably what we want: +* Find each occurrence of 'foo' (in the current line only), and replace it with 'bar' + \: `s/foo/bar/g` +* Find each occurrence of 'foo' (in all lines), and replace it with 'bar' + \: `%s/foo/bar/g` +* Change each 'foo' to 'bar', but ask for confirmation first + \: `%s/foo/bar/gc` +* Change only whole words exactly matching 'foo' to 'bar'; ask for confirmation + \: `%s/\<foo\>/bar/gc` +* Change each 'foo' (case insensitive due to the i flag) to 'bar'; ask for confirmation + \: `%s/foo/bar/gci` +* This may be wanted after using :set noignorecase to make searches case sensitive (the default) + \: `%s/foo\c/bar/gc` is the same because \c makes the search case insensitive. +* Change each 'foo' (case sensitive due to the I flag) to 'bar'; ask for confirmation + \: `%s/foo/bar/gcI` +- - - + +* Permission override ``` :w !sudo tee % - Allows to override the permission of the written file :w !sudo sh -c "cat > %" - " " ``` +* Create a new file named filename in the same directory as the currently open file, and write it. + \: `e %:h/filename` + +* Copy text from (n)vim to other applications +```bash +* linux: + :w !xclip -sel c # copy the whole file + $ xclip -o sel -c # paste from the clipboard +or + :w !xsel -b # copy the whole file + $ xsel -o -b # paste from the clipboard +-- Note: In case neither of these tools (xsel and xclip) are preinstalled on your distro, you can probably find them in the repos +* macos: + :%w !pbcopy # copy the whole file + :r !pbpaste # paste from the clipboard +``` + +* To open the current window in a new tab (maximize) with the cursor in the same place, enter + \: `tab sp` # splits the current window into a new tab + or + `<Ctrl-w>T` +* To close the current window, press + `<Ctrl-w>c` + +* To make a file executable + \: `! chmod +x %` + +* Shortcut command to backup current file + \: `!cp % %.backup` + +* Use hjkl... at vim's command history mode by using `<C-f>` or immediatly go + into history mode `q:` and exit by pressing `<enter>` + +* Split existing buffer into a horizontal/vertical window + \: `sb` # horizontal + \: `vert sb` # vertical + \: `sb<n>` # where n is a specific buffer number +- - - + + +vim +10 <file_name> - opens the file at line 10 +vim +/bash cronjob-lab.yml - opens the file cronjob-lab.yml on the first occurence of bash + +vim scp://balasundaramm@mgmt-bst:22/~/automation/test-file.txt - Edit a remote file via scp + +gg=G - Format HTML. Make sure FileType is set to html with :setf html +CTRL+n - Press after typing part of a word. It scrolls down the list of all previously used words +CTRL+p - Press after typing part of a word. It scrolls up the list of all previously used words + |